Although there
are many laws governing the game, there are only a few rules which
are essential to it:
First
and foremost, NO HANDS! Field players may strike the ball with
any part of their body (i.e. feet, thighs, head) except their
hands or arms. Goalkeepers alone are allowed to touch the ball
with their hands.
Eleven people are allowed on the field for each team: 10 field
players and one goalkeeper. Read about the different positions...
Soccer games last 90 minutes and are divided into two halves.
During the first half, each team defends the same one goal while
attempting to score on the opposing team's goal. Before the
second half, the teams switch sides. At the end of the game, which
is played without stopping the clock, the team that has scored
the most goals wins. If at the end of regulation time the game
is tied, two sudden-death halves of 15 minutes each will be played.
In the preliminary rounds of the World Cup, after this time passes,
the game is called a tie, but in later rounds, there can be no
ties. The winner is determined by a penalty kick shoot-out.
Soccer
is unique in that it is the only sport played with a running clock,
which means that there are no time-outs for strategizing or for
setting up a coach's play. There are some stoppages during
the course of the game--when the ball goes out of bounds, when
a penalty is committed--that do allow teams to re-group themselves,
if only momentarily.
When the ball goes off of the field through the sidelines, the
team that didn't kick it out gets a throw-in. When the ball goes
off of the field through the endlines, the team that didn't kick
it out gets either a goal kick or a corner kick, depending on
where the out of bounds occurred. If Team A is attacking Team
B's goal and Team A mistakenly knocks the ball over B's
endline, Team B gets to kick the ball into play from their own
six yard box; Team A must remain outside of the penalty box. If
Team A is attacking Team B's goal and Team B mistakenly knocks
the ball over their own endline, Team A gets a corner kick. Because
of the proximity to the goal and the time allowed to set up a
play, the corner kick is one of the most dangerous offensive plays
in soccer.
In
soccer, kicks are also awarded due to penalties. Indirect kicks
are free kicks where a player must pass to another player and
are awarded for obstruction, dangerous plays that don't involve
contact, or for charging the goalkeeper. Direct kicks are free
kicks, period. They are awarded when there is a penalty of kicking,
tripping, jumping in, charging from behind, striking, holding
or pushing.
It is important to note that any direct penalty against a defender
in her own penalty box results in the other team having a penalty
kick, which is a "free shot" on goal--there are no defenders allowed
in the box except for the goalkeeper--from the 12-yard line.
Finally, I will try to explain what is possibly the most puzzling
rule in all of soccer: the offside rule. A simple explanation:
There must be a defensive player, in addition to the goalkeeper,
between an offender and the goal when a ball is played towards
that offender in their attacking half of the field. Being even
with this defender is also considered on-side for the offender.